Dermatology
December 1, 2021
China
January 1, 20221941-1950
Zuse is best known for developing the S2 computing system, the first process control computer. He founded one of the pioneer computer companies in 1941 and created the Z4, the first commercial computer. He made the first high-level programming language between 1943 and 1945.(1)
1943: Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts published “A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity” in 1943, laying the Warren McCulloch was an American neurophysiologist and cybernetician. He is known for his work on specific brain theories and contributions to the cybernetic movement. Pitts and McCulloch created computational models based on mathematical algorithms called threshold logic. Their project adopted two distinct solutions: one based on biological processes in the brain and the other on neural networks in artificial intelligence.(2)
1943: Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts published “A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity” in 1943, laying the Warren McCulloch was an American neurophysiologist and cybernetician. He is known for his work on specific brain theories and contributions to the cybernetic movement. Pitts and McCulloch created computational models based on mathematical algorithms called threshold logic.
Their project adopted two distinct solutions: one based on biological processes in the brain and the other on neural networks in artificial intelligence.(2)
1945: John von Neumann was a pioneer in applying operator theory to quantum mechanics while developing functional analysis. He proposed the universal constructor, a self-replicating machine in a cellular automata environment. Additionally, he was instrumental in advancing the Game theory and cellular automata. Game theory studies mathematical models of strategic interaction among rational decision-makers. This theory, which would prove invaluable in AI’s progress, was published in 1944.(3)
Vannevar Bush: Vannevar Bush was an engineer who headed the US Office of Scientific Research and Development during World War II. The office carried out almost all wartime military improvements, including significant developments in radar. He published, “As we may think,” a vision of the future where computers assist humans in their activities. During his career, Bush patented a string of his inventions. He is known mainly for his engineering work on analog computers and the memex, an electromechanical device that could store information to be consulted later. Starting in 1927, Bush constructed a differential analyzer, an analog computer with some digital components, and can solve differential equations involving 18 independent variables.(4)
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